Case marking - Revision history

imported>Martins at 08:44, 26 March 2010

2010-03-26T08:44:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:44, 26 March 2010
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	:*VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from every verb complement)		:*VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from every verb complement)
	:*VC(PP):=VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from verb complements which are prepositional phrases)		:*VC(PP):=VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from verb complements which are prepositional phrases)
	;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion		;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion:
	:*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)		:*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)

imported>Martins at 08:44, 26 March 2010

2010-03-26T08:44:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:44, 26 March 2010
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	'''Case marking''' is the process of assigning [[case\|grammatical case]] values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case.		'''Case marking''' is the process of assigning [[case\|grammatical case]] values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case. In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s. Case marking is not informed in UNL.

	== ~~Natural Language~~ ==		== Syntax ==
	~~In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case~~ marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format:		Case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format:

	<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(+<CASE>);		<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(+<CASE>);
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	*<CASE> is the [[case\|grammatical case]] to be assigned.		*<CASE> is the [[case\|grammatical case]] to be assigned.

	=== Examples ===		== Examples ==
	;VS(+NOM);		;VS(+NOM);
	:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)		:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)
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	:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)		:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)

	=== Observations ===		== Observations ==
	;Conditional case-marking		;Conditional case-marking
	:Conditional case-marking may be stated by defining the left side of the s-rule and co-indexing it to the right side:		:Conditional case-marking may be stated by defining the left side of the s-rule and co-indexing it to the right side:
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	;Case-unmarking		;Case-unmarking
	:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-":		:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-":
	*VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from every verb complement)		:*VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from every verb complement)
	*VC(PP):=VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from verb complements which are prepositional phrases)		:*VC(PP):=VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from verb complements which are prepositional phrases)
	;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion		;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion
	*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)		:*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)

	~~== UNL ==~~
	~~Case marking is not informed in UNL.~~

imported>Martins at 08:42, 26 March 2010

2010-03-26T08:42:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:42, 26 March 2010
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	In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format:		In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format:

	<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(<CASE>);		<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(+<CASE>);

	Where:<br />		Where:<br />
	*<SYNTACTIC ROLE> is the [[~~Syntax#Syntactic_Roles~~\|syntactic role]] (VA, VC, VS, VH, etc) of the case-marked term in relation to the head; and		*<SYNTACTIC ROLE> is the [[Syntactic roles\|syntactic role]] (VA, VC, VS, VH, etc) of the case-marked term in relation to the head; and
	*<CASE> is the [[case\|grammatical case]] to be assigned.		*<CASE> is the [[case\|grammatical case]] to be assigned.

	=== Examples ===		=== Examples ===
	;VS(NOM);		;VS(+NOM);
	:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)		:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)
	;VC(ACC);		;VC(+ACC);
	:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)		:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)

	=== Observations ===		=== Observations ===
	;Conditional case-marking		;Conditional case-marking
	:Conditional case-marking may be stated by defining the left side of the s-rule and ~~coindexing~~ it to the right side:		:Conditional case-marking may be stated by defining the left side of the s-rule and co-indexing it to the right side:
	*VC(DAT); (unconditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb);		:*VC(+DAT); (unconditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb);
	*VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (conditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP);		:*VC(PP):=VC(+DAT); (conditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP);
	*VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").		:*VC([make];NP):=VC(+ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").
	;Complex case-marking		;Complex case-marking
	:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:		:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:
	*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)		:*VS(+NOM)VC(+ACC)VA(+OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)
			;Use of "+"
			:As rules are conservative (i.e., features are preserved unless explicitly deleted), the use of "+" is actually optional:
			:*VC(+DAT); is the same as VC(DAT);
	;Case-unmarking		;Case-unmarking
	:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-"~~, but only in conditional case~~-~~marking rules~~ (~~i.e., when~~ the ~~left side of the rule is stated and coindexed to the right side~~)		:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-":
	*VC(PP~~,ACC~~):=VC(-ACC);		*VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from every verb complement)
			*VC(PP):=VC(-ACC); (deletes the accusative case from verb complements which are prepositional phrases)
	;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion		;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion
	*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)		*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)

imported>Martins at 11:09, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T11:09:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:09, 24 March 2010
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	=== Observations ===		=== Observations ===
	;Conditional case-marking		;Conditional case-marking
	:Conditional case-marking may be stated by ~~stating~~ the left side of the s-rule and coindexing it to the right side:		:Conditional case-marking may be stated by defining the left side of the s-rule and coindexing it to the right side:
	*VC(DAT); (unconditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb);		*VC(DAT); (unconditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb);
	*VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (conditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP);		*VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (conditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP);
	*VC([make];):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").		*VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").
	;Complex case-marking		;Complex case-marking
	:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:		:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:
	*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)		*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)
	;Case-unmarking		;Case-unmarking
	:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-"		:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-", but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated and coindexed to the right side)
	*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);		*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);
	;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion		;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion

imported>Martins at 08:21, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T08:21:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:21, 24 March 2010
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	*VC(DAT); (unconditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb);		*VC(DAT); (unconditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb);
	*VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (conditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP);		*VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (conditional case-marking: assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP);
	*VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").		*VC([make];):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").
	;Complex case-marking		;Complex case-marking
	:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:		:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:
	*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)		*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)
	;Case-unmarking		;Case-unmarking
	:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-"~~, but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated and coindexed to the right side)~~		:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-"
	*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);		*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);
	;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion		;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion

imported>Martins at 07:59, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T07:59:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:59, 24 March 2010
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	'''Case marking''' is the process of assigning [[case\|grammatical case]] values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case. In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format:		'''Case marking''' is the process of assigning [[case\|grammatical case]] values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case.

			== Natural Language ==
			In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format:

	<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(<CASE>);		<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(<CASE>);
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	*<CASE> is the [[case\|grammatical case]] to be assigned.		*<CASE> is the [[case\|grammatical case]] to be assigned.

	== Examples ==		=== Examples ===
	;VS(NOM);		;VS(NOM);
	:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)		:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)
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	:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)		:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)

	== Observations ==		=== Observations ===
	;Conditional case-marking		;Conditional case-marking
	:Conditional case-marking may be stated by stating the left side of the s-rule and coindexing it to the right side:		:Conditional case-marking may be stated by stating the left side of the s-rule and coindexing it to the right side:
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	;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion		;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion
	*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)		*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)

			== UNL ==
			Case marking is not informed in UNL.

imported>Martins at 07:43, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T07:43:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:43, 24 March 2010
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	:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-", but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated and coindexed to the right side)		:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-", but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated and coindexed to the right side)
	*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);		*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);
			;The symbol '''^''' is used for negation and to control infinite recursion
			*VC(^NOM):=VC(NOM); (assign the nominative case to the complement of verb if it does not have the nominative case)

imported>Martins at 07:22, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T07:22:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:22, 24 March 2010
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	*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)		*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)
	;Case-unmarking		;Case-unmarking
	:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-", but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated)		:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-", but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated and coindexed to the right side)
	*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);		*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);

imported>Martins at 07:21, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T07:21:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:21, 24 March 2010
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	:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:		:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:
	*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)		*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)
			;Case-unmarking
			:Assigned cases may be deleted through "-", but only in conditional case-marking rules (i.e., when the left side of the rule is stated)
			*VC(PP,ACC):=VC(-ACC);

imported>Martins at 07:19, 24 March 2010

2010-03-24T07:19:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:19, 24 March 2010
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	*VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").		*VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (conditional case-marking: assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make").
	;Complex case-marking		;Complex case-marking
	:~~Case~~-marking ~~rules~~ may contain several case-marking operations:		:A single case-marking rule may contain several case-marking operations:
	*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)		*VS(NOM)VC(ACC)VA(OBL); (assign the nominative case to the specifier of the verb, the accusative case to the complement of the verb, and the oblique case to the adjunct to the verb)