Periphrasis - Revision history

imported>Sayane at 20:18, 14 November 2012

2012-11-14T20:18:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:18, 14 November 2012
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	~~Seems there~~'~~s some mistake here~~ (~~"two" and "a couple~~ of~~" mixed)~~		'''Periphrasis''' is a device by which a grammatical category or grammatical relationship is expressed by a free morpheme (such as an auxiliary verb), instead of being shown by inflection or derivation.

			== Syntax ==
			In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, periphrases always lead to the creation of syntactic relations, which are expressed through [[S-rule]]s of the type create, as follows:
			<RELATION> := +<RELATION>;
			Where:<br />
			*<RELATION>, at the left side, is a relation containing the node that brings the value of the attribute to be realised by complex grammatical structures; and
			*<RELATION>, at the right side, is the [[Syntactic roles\|syntactic relation]] to be created, containing the <HEAD>, in case of head-only relations (VH, NH, JH, PH, IH, CH, AH, DH), or the <HEAD> and <ARGUMENT> (i.e, complement, adjunct or specifier), in case of binary relations (VA, VC, VS, VB, NA, NC, NS, etc), one of which co-indexed with the reference node in the left side.

			== Examples ==
	*dual: ''book'' > ''two books''		*dual: ''book'' > ''two books''
	**NH(%nh,DUA):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DH("two"));		**NH(%nh,DUA):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DH("two"));
	**The determiner phrase "~~a couple of~~" is generated as the specifier of the head, which receives the feature PLR (plural).		**The determiner phrase "two" is generated as the specifier of the head, which receives the feature PLR (plural).
			*future: ''do'' > ''will do''
	~~But I don~~'~~t dare to modify it myself~~		**VH(%vh,FUT):=+IC([will];%vh,+INF);
	[~~[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov~~]~~] 14:49~~, ~~28 August 2012~~ (~~CEST~~)		**The head of the verbal phrase receives the feature INF (infinitive) and becomes the complement of an inflectional phrase headed by the lemma "will" if it has the feature FUT (future)
			*present progressive: ''do'' > ''is doing''
	=~~= Two-step generation ==~~		**VH(%vh,PRS,PGS):=+IC([be],+PRS;%vh,+GER);
			**The head of the verbal phrase receives the feature GER (gerund) and becomes the complement of an inflectional phrase headed by the lemma "be" if it has the features PRS and PGS (present and progressive)
	~~Same here~~:		*present perfect: ''do'' > ''have done''
	The ~~first rule makes be > be speaking;~~ the ~~second makes be > will be.~~		**VH(%vh,PRS,PFC):=+IC([have],+PRS;%vh,+PTP);
	~~Shouldn~~'~~t it be "first rule makes speak~~ > ~~be speaking"?~~		**The head of the verbal phrase receives the feature PTP (past participle) and becomes the complement of an inflectional phrase headed by the lemma "have" if it has the features PRS and PFC (present and perfect)
			*Negation: ''read'' > ''do not read''
	[[~~User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]~~] ~~14:53~~, ~~28 August 2012~~ (~~CEST~~)		**VH(%vh,NEG):=+IC([do];%vh,+INF)VA(%vh;[not],+<<);
			**The head of the verbal phrase receives the feature infinitive (INF) and becomes the complement of an inflectional phrase headed by the lemma "do"; the adjunct "not" is generated to the left of the head of the verbal phrase)
	~~And here~~:		*Present perfect progressive: ''read'' > ''have been reading''
	VH(%vh,~~FUT~~,PGS):=+IC([be],+~~FUT~~;+GER);		**VH(%vh,PRS,PFC,PGS):=+IC([have],+PRS;[be],+PTP,%ic)IC(%ic;%vh,+GER);
			**Create two IPs: the lower one has the head of the verbal phrase as its complement; the second one has the lower IP as its complement. The lowest IP is headed by the lemma "be" whereas the highest is headed by the lemma "have". The head of the highest IP receives the feature present (PRS); the head of the second IP receives the feature participle (PTP); and the head of the verbal phrase receives the feature gerund (GER).)
	~~Shouldn't it~~ be "~~%vh,+~~GER"?

	[~~[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov~~]~~] 14~~:58, ~~28 August 2012~~ (~~CEST~~)		== Observations ==
			;Indexation
			:As in S-rules, nodes in projection rules are always indexed, either by user-defined labels (such as %head, %comp or any other) or by the position in the left side of the rules.
			;Nodes as maximal projections
			:New nodes may be inserted as maximal projections if their internal structure is invariable:
			:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''
			:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP("some"));
			;Two-step generation
			:Some periphrases are generated by the application of two rules:
			:*future progressive: ''be'' > ''will be speaking'';
			:*VH(%vh,FUT,PGS):=+IC([be],+FUT;+GER);
			:*VH(%vh,FUT):=+IC([will];%vh,+INF);
			:The first rule makes ''be'' > ''be speaking''; the second makes ''be'' > ''will be''.

imported>Vzakharov at 12:58, 28 August 2012

2012-08-28T12:58:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:58, 28 August 2012
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	The first rule makes be > be speaking; the second makes be > will be.		The first rule makes be > be speaking; the second makes be > will be.
	Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?		Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?

	[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:53, 28 August 2012 (CEST)		[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:53, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

	And here:		And here:
	VH(%vh,FUT,PGS):=+IC([be],+FUT;+GER);		VH(%vh,FUT,PGS):=+IC([be],+FUT;+GER);
	Shouldn'~~tit~~ be "%vh,GER"?
			Shouldn't it be "%vh,+GER"?

	[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:58, 28 August 2012 (CEST)		[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:58, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

imported>Vzakharov at 12:58, 28 August 2012

2012-08-28T12:58:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:58, 28 August 2012
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	Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?		Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?
	[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:53, 28 August 2012 (CEST)		[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:53, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

			And here:
			VH(%vh,FUT,PGS):=+IC([be],+FUT;+GER);
			Shouldn'tit be "%vh,GER"?
			[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:58, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

imported>Vzakharov at 12:53, 28 August 2012

2012-08-28T12:53:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:53, 28 August 2012
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	The first rule makes be > be speaking; the second makes be > will be.		The first rule makes be > be speaking; the second makes be > will be.
	Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?		Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?
			[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:53, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

imported>Vzakharov at 12:53, 28 August 2012

2012-08-28T12:53:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:53, 28 August 2012
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	But I don't dare to modify it myself		But I don't dare to modify it myself
	[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:49, 28 August 2012 (CEST)		[[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 14:49, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

			== Two-step generation ==

			Same here:
			The first rule makes be > be speaking; the second makes be > will be.
			Shouldn't it be "first rule makes speak > be speaking"?

imported>Vzakharov at 12:49, 28 August 2012

2012-08-28T12:49:53Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Periphrasis''' is a device by which a grammatical category or grammatical relationship is expressed by a free morpheme (such as an auxiliary verb), instead of being shown by inflection or derivation.
+Seems there's some mistake here ("two" and "a couple of" mixed)
 *dual: ''book'' > ''two books''
 **NH(%nh,DUA):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DH("two"));
 **The determiner phrase "a couple of" is generated as the specifier of the head, which receives the feature PLR (plural).
-== Observations ==
+But I don't dare to modify it myself
-;Indexation
+[[User:Vzakharov|Vzakharov]] 14:49, 28 August 2012 (CEST)

imported>Martins at 15:23, 29 March 2010

2010-03-29T15:23:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:23, 29 March 2010
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	:New nodes may be inserted as maximal projections if their internal structure is invariable:		:New nodes may be inserted as maximal projections if their internal structure is invariable:
	:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''		:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''
	:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP([some]));		:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP("some"));
	;Two-step generation		;Two-step generation
	:Some periphrases are generated by the application of two rules:		:Some periphrases are generated by the application of two rules:

imported>Martins at 15:22, 29 March 2010

2010-03-29T15:22:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:22, 29 March 2010
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	== Examples ==		== Examples ==
	*dual: ''book'' > ''two books''		*dual: ''book'' > ''two books''
	**NH(%nh,DUA):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP([two]));		**NH(%nh,DUA):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DH("two"));
	**The determiner phrase "a couple of" is generated as the specifier of the head, which receives the feature PLR (plural).		**The determiner phrase "a couple of" is generated as the specifier of the head, which receives the feature PLR (plural).
	*future: ''do'' > ''will do''		*future: ''do'' > ''will do''

imported>Martins at 11:30, 26 March 2010

2010-03-26T11:30:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:30, 26 March 2010
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	;Indexation		;Indexation
	:As in S-rules, nodes in projection rules are always indexed, either by user-defined labels (such as %head, %comp or any other) or by the position in the left side of the rules.		:As in S-rules, nodes in projection rules are always indexed, either by user-defined labels (such as %head, %comp or any other) or by the position in the left side of the rules.
	;~~Internal structure of nodes to be inserted~~		;Nodes as maximal projections
	:New nodes may be inserted as maximal projections if their internal structure is invariable~~, but must be analysed otherwise~~:		:New nodes may be inserted as maximal projections if their internal structure is invariable:
	:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''		:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''
	:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP([some]));		:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP([some]));
			;Two-step generation
			:Some periphrases are generated by the application of two rules:
			:*future progressive: ''be'' > ''will be speaking'';
			:*VH(%vh,FUT,PGS):=+IC([be],+FUT;+GER);
			:*VH(%vh,FUT):=+IC([will];%vh,+INF);
			:The first rule makes ''be'' > ''be speaking''; the second makes ''be'' > ''will be''.

imported>Martins at 11:11, 26 March 2010

2010-03-26T11:11:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:11, 26 March 2010
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	;Indexation		;Indexation
	:As in S-rules, nodes in projection rules are always indexed, either by user-defined labels (such as %head, %comp or any other) or by the position in the left side of the rules.		:As in S-rules, nodes in projection rules are always indexed, either by user-defined labels (such as %head, %comp or any other) or by the position in the left side of the rules.
	;~~Nodes as phrases~~		;Internal structure of nodes to be inserted
	:New nodes may be inserted as ~~phrases~~ if their internal structure is invariable:		:New nodes may be inserted as maximal projections if their internal structure is invariable, but must be analysed otherwise:
	:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''		:*paucal: ''book'' > ''some books''
	:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP([some]));		:*NH(%nh,PAU):=+NS(%nh,+PLR;DP([some]));