https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Semantic_networkSemantic network - Revision history2026-05-15T12:59:58ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.2https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13445&oldid=previmported>Dgaiv at 08:23, 5 January 20142014-01-05T08:23:48Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (2a) and (2c) is, again, expressed by open lexical categories (noun, in both cases) and cannot be reduced to any closed class category. The information conveyed by (2b) and (2d), which is expressed by the article "the", modifies isolated nodes and, accordingly, is not relational: (2b) modifies (2a), and (2d) modifies (2c). They are therefore expressed by attributes (@def): book.@def and table.@def. The information conveyed by (2e) can be associated to the copula ("is") and it is definitely relational: it links "book" to "table". This relation is said to describe a "place", which is also part of the repertoire of Universal Relations (expressed by "plc"). However, "plc(book;table)" is too vague to express the information conveyed by the sentence, which explicitly indicates that the book is "on" the table. The information conveyed by (2f) is also relational and is expressed by a preposition ("on"). Ideally, we would have a relation "place_on", and we would represent (2) as "place_on(book;table)" instead of simply "plc(book;table)". But this would lead to several other relations: place_on, place_above, place_under, place_in_front_of, and so on. In order to avoid the proliferation of the repertoire of relations, we have decided to express these details by the combination of relations and attributes, i.e., "plc(book;table.@on)".</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (2a) and (2c) is, again, expressed by open lexical categories (noun, in both cases) and cannot be reduced to any closed class category. The information conveyed by (2b) and (2d), which is expressed by the article "the", modifies isolated nodes and, accordingly, is not relational: (2b) modifies (2a), and (2d) modifies (2c). They are therefore expressed by attributes (@def): book.@def and table.@def. The information conveyed by (2e) can be associated to the copula ("is") and it is definitely relational: it links "book" to "table". This relation is said to describe a "place", which is also part of the repertoire of Universal Relations (expressed by "plc"). However, "plc(book;table)" is too vague to express the information conveyed by the sentence, which explicitly indicates that the book is "on" the table. The information conveyed by (2f) is also relational and is expressed by a preposition ("on"). Ideally, we would have a relation "place_on", and we would represent (2) as "place_on(book;table)" instead of simply "plc(book;table)". But this would lead to several other relations: place_on, place_above, place_under, place_in_front_of, and so on. In order to avoid the proliferation of the repertoire of relations, we have decided to express these details by the combination of relations and attributes, i.e., "plc(book;table.@on)".</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>;(3) Charles Dickens <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is </del>the author of Oliver Twist</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>;(3) Charles Dickens <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was </ins>the author of Oliver Twist</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[file:graph3.png|300px]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[file:graph3.png|300px]]</div></td></tr>
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</table>imported>Dgaivhttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13444&oldid=previmported>Dgaiv at 08:18, 5 January 20142014-01-05T08:18:06Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 08:18, 5 January 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3d) There is a relation between "Charles Dickens" and "author" (we can say that "Charles Dickens is an author")<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3d) There is a relation between "Charles Dickens" and "author" (we can say that "Charles Dickens is an author")<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3e) There is a relation between "Oliver Twist" and "author" (we can say that "Oliver Twist is the product of an author")<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3e) There is a relation between "Oliver Twist" and "author" (we can say that "Oliver Twist is the product of an author")<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3f) There is a relation between "Charles Dickens" and "Oliver Twist" and this relation is mediated by the concept of "author")<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3f) There is a relation between "Charles Dickens" and "Oliver Twist" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</ins>and this relation is mediated by the concept of "author")<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of Universal Relations: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer lives. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of Universal Relations: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer lives. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Dgaivhttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13443&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:59, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:59:43Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:59, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l66">Line 66:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of Universal Relations: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">exists</del>. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of Universal Relations: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">lives</ins>. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13442&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:58, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:58:54Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:58, 19 September 2013</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">existing relations</del>: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer exists. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Universal Relations</ins>: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer exists. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13441&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:57, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:57:22Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:57, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l50">Line 50:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 50:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2e) There is a relation between "book" and "table"<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2e) There is a relation between "book" and "table"<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2f) The relation (2e) is of the type "on" (and not "under", or "inside")<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2f) The relation (2e) is of the type "on" (and not "under", or "inside")<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (2a) and (2c) is, again, expressed by open lexical categories (noun, in both cases) and cannot be reduced to any closed class category. The information conveyed by (2b) and (2d), which is expressed by the article "the", modifies isolated nodes and, accordingly, is not relational: (2b) modifies (2a), and (2d) modifies (2c). They are therefore expressed by attributes (@def): book.@def and table.@def. The information conveyed by (2e) can be associated to the copula ("is") and it is definitely relational: it links "book" to "table". This relation is said to describe a "place", which is also part of the repertoire of Universal Relations (expressed by "plc"). However, "plc(book;table)" is too vague to express the information conveyed by the sentence, which explicitly indicates that the book is "on" the table. The information conveyed by (2f) is also relational and is expressed by a preposition ("on"). Ideally, we would have a relation "place_on", and we would represent (2) as "place_on(book;table)" instead of simply "plc(book;table)". But this would lead to several other relations: place_on, place_above, place_under, place_in_front_of, and so on. In order to avoid the proliferation of the repertoire of relations, we have decided to express these details by the combination of relations and attributes, i.e., "plc(book;table.@on)"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. The graph for sentence (2) is depicted in the figure below</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (2a) and (2c) is, again, expressed by open lexical categories (noun, in both cases) and cannot be reduced to any closed class category. The information conveyed by (2b) and (2d), which is expressed by the article "the", modifies isolated nodes and, accordingly, is not relational: (2b) modifies (2a), and (2d) modifies (2c). They are therefore expressed by attributes (@def): book.@def and table.@def. The information conveyed by (2e) can be associated to the copula ("is") and it is definitely relational: it links "book" to "table". This relation is said to describe a "place", which is also part of the repertoire of Universal Relations (expressed by "plc"). However, "plc(book;table)" is too vague to express the information conveyed by the sentence, which explicitly indicates that the book is "on" the table. The information conveyed by (2f) is also relational and is expressed by a preposition ("on"). Ideally, we would have a relation "place_on", and we would represent (2) as "place_on(book;table)" instead of simply "plc(book;table)". But this would lead to several other relations: place_on, place_above, place_under, place_in_front_of, and so on. In order to avoid the proliferation of the repertoire of relations, we have decided to express these details by the combination of relations and attributes, i.e., "plc(book;table.@on)".</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>;(3) Charles Dickens is the author of Oliver Twist</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>;(3) Charles Dickens is the author of Oliver Twist</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l66">Line 66:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 66:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(3g) The relation described by (3f) happened in the past<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Once again, (3a) and (3b) can only be realized by an open lexical category (noun) and, therefore, must be represented as UW's. The concept conveyed by (3c) is far more controversial. One </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of existing relations: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer exists. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. The full graph is presented below</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>may argue that this concept may be represented by derivational suffixes, such as -er (as in "writer") or -or (as in "creator"), or by the preposition "by" (as in "Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens"), but this is not really accurate, since both -er and -or are used for "one who performs an action", and "by" denotes rather an agent. None of them can fully replace "author" in this context, i.e., as someone who writes a book. Accordingly, (3c) should also be expressed by a UW. The information conveyed by (3d) and (3e) is relational and fits existing relations in the repertoire of existing relations: attribute ("author" is an attribute of "Charles Dickens", or aoj(Charles Dickens;author)), and content ("Oliver Twist" is the theme of "author", or cnt(author;Oliver Twist)). The relation (3f) poses a problem to UNL because, in UNL, relations must be necessarily binary, i.e., they must have only two arguments. But this is solved by the general assumption that, given rel(a;b) and rel(b;c), "a" is related to "c" through "b". As for (3g), this is another source of problem. We know that the scope of the past tense, in this case, is not the whole sentence (the fact that Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist is still true); the information of past is rather related to Charles Dickens, in the sense that it indicates that he no longer exists. In any case, this information is not relational, and must be expressed by the attribute .@past, to be assigned to "Charles Dickens".</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13440&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:55, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:55:50Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:55, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l49">Line 49:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 49:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2d) We know this table (i.e., this table is definite)<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2d) We know this table (i.e., this table is definite)<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2e) There is a relation between "book" and "table"<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2e) There is a relation between "book" and "table"<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2f) The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">book </del>is "on" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the table </del>(and not "under", or "inside")<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(2f) The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">relation (2e) </ins>is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of the type </ins>"on" (and not "under", or "inside")<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (2a) and (2c) is, again, expressed by open lexical categories (noun, in both cases) and cannot be reduced to any closed class category. The information conveyed by (2b) and (2d), which is expressed by the article "the", modifies isolated nodes and, accordingly, is not relational: (2b) modifies (2a), and (2d) modifies (2c). They are therefore expressed by attributes (@def): book.@def and table.@def. The information conveyed by (2e) can be associated to the copula ("is") and it is definitely relational: it links "book" to "table". This relation is said to describe a "place", which is also part of the repertoire of Universal Relations (expressed by "plc"). However, "plc(book;table)" is too vague to express the information conveyed by the sentence, which explicitly indicates that the book is "on" the table. The information conveyed by (2f) is also relational and is expressed by a preposition ("on"). Ideally, we would have a relation "place_on", and we would represent (2) as "place_on(book;table)" instead of simply "plc(book;table)". But this would lead to several other relations: place_on, place_above, place_under, place_in_front_of, and so on. In order to avoid the proliferation of the repertoire of relations, we have decided to express these details by the combination of relations and attributes, i.e., "plc(book;table.@on)". The graph for sentence (2) is depicted in the figure below.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (2a) and (2c) is, again, expressed by open lexical categories (noun, in both cases) and cannot be reduced to any closed class category. The information conveyed by (2b) and (2d), which is expressed by the article "the", modifies isolated nodes and, accordingly, is not relational: (2b) modifies (2a), and (2d) modifies (2c). They are therefore expressed by attributes (@def): book.@def and table.@def. The information conveyed by (2e) can be associated to the copula ("is") and it is definitely relational: it links "book" to "table". This relation is said to describe a "place", which is also part of the repertoire of Universal Relations (expressed by "plc"). However, "plc(book;table)" is too vague to express the information conveyed by the sentence, which explicitly indicates that the book is "on" the table. The information conveyed by (2f) is also relational and is expressed by a preposition ("on"). Ideally, we would have a relation "place_on", and we would represent (2) as "place_on(book;table)" instead of simply "plc(book;table)". But this would lead to several other relations: place_on, place_above, place_under, place_in_front_of, and so on. In order to avoid the proliferation of the repertoire of relations, we have decided to express these details by the combination of relations and attributes, i.e., "plc(book;table.@on)". The graph for sentence (2) is depicted in the figure below.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13439&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:54, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:54:48Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:54, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l36">Line 36:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 36:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(1c) There is a relation between "Mary" and "die" (i.e., "Mary" undergoes a change of state expressed by "dying")<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(1c) There is a relation between "Mary" and "die" (i.e., "Mary" undergoes a change of state expressed by "dying")<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(1d) The fact described by (1c) happened in the past<br /></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>(1d) The fact described by (1c) happened in the past<br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (1a) and (1b) can only be expressed by open lexical categories (noun and verb, respectively) and, therefore, (1a) and (1b) are defined as UW's, i.e., nodes in the graph. The information conveyed by (1c) cannot be said to be represented by a lexical item (such as "Mary" or "die"); it is defined by the position of the words in the sentence, i.e., by the fact that "Mary" comes right before "die". Actually, this information is relational, i.e., it links "Mary" and "die". <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Fortunately, this </del>relation ("patient") is already part of the repertoire of Universal Relations and can be expressed by the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">relation </del>"obj". The information conveyed by (1d) is not relational, in the sense that it does not link two nodes, but rather modify the whole relation between "Mary" and "die". As it is not relational, and can be expressed by closed class categories (the suffix "-d"), it is represented by the attribute @past, to be assigned to head of the relation (the UW "die"). </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The information conveyed by (1a) and (1b) can only be expressed by open lexical categories (noun and verb, respectively) and, therefore, (1a) and (1b) are defined as UW's, i.e., nodes in the graph. The information conveyed by (1c) cannot be said to be represented by a lexical item (such as "Mary" or "die"); it is defined by the position of the words in the sentence, i.e., by the fact that "Mary" comes right before "die". Actually, this information is relational, i.e., it links "Mary" and "die". <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">This </ins>relation ("patient") is already part of the repertoire of Universal Relations and can be expressed by the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tag </ins>"obj". The information conveyed by (1d) is not relational, in the sense that it does not link two nodes, but rather modify the whole relation between "Mary" and "die". As it is not relational, and can be expressed by closed class categories (the suffix "-d"), it is represented by the attribute @past, to be assigned to head of the relation (the UW "die"). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>;(2) The book is on the table</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>;(2) The book is on the table</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13438&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:52, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:52:59Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:52, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l15">Line 15:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 15:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Given the difficulty to categorize concepts, the UNL assumes the following principles:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Given the difficulty to categorize concepts, the UNL assumes the following principles:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> 1. If the information can only be conveyed by open lexical categories (nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs), or if it is conveyed by pronouns and numbers,</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> 1. If the information can only be conveyed by open lexical categories (nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs), or if it is conveyed by pronouns and numbers,</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> it is represented by '''UW''''s;</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> it is represented by '''UW''''s<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, i.e., as nodes in the UNL graph</ins>;</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> 2. If the information can be conveyed, in any language, </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> 2. If the information can be conveyed, in any language, </div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13437&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:51, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:51:34Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:51, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The main goal of the UNL is to represent, in a machine-tractable format, the '''information''' conveyed by natural language documents. In the UNL framework, this information is represented by a '''semantic network''', i.e., a network which represents semantic relations between concepts. This semantic network, or '''UNL graph''', is made of three different types of discrete semantic entities: [[Universal Words]], [[Universal Relations]] and [[Universal Attributes]]. Universal Words, or simply UW's, are the nodes in the semantic network; Universal Relations are arcs linking UW's; and Universal Attributes are used to instantiate UW's<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. This three-layered representation model is the cornerstone of the UNL, and a distinctive feature over other semantic networks, which normally propose only two levels: edges and vertices</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The main goal of the UNL is to represent, in a machine-tractable format, the '''information''' conveyed by natural language documents. In the UNL framework, this information is represented by a '''semantic network''', i.e., a network which represents semantic relations between concepts. This semantic network, or '''UNL graph''', is made of three different types of discrete semantic entities: [[Universal Words]], [[Universal Relations]] and [[Universal Attributes]]. Universal Words, or simply UW's, are the nodes in the semantic network; Universal Relations are arcs linking UW's; and Universal Attributes are used to instantiate UW's. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For instance, the English sentence "Peter killed Mary yesterday with a knife in the kitchen because of John" could be represented, in simplified UNL, as:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For instance, the English sentence "Peter killed Mary yesterday with a knife in the kitchen because of John" could be represented, in simplified UNL, as:</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martinshttps://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Semantic_network&diff=13436&oldid=previmported>Martins at 13:50, 19 September 20132013-09-19T13:50:18Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:50, 19 September 2013</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l3">Line 3:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 3:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For instance, the English sentence "Peter killed Mary yesterday with a knife in the kitchen because of John" could be represented, in simplified UNL, as:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For instance, the English sentence "Peter killed Mary yesterday with a knife in the kitchen because of John" could be represented, in simplified UNL, as:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[file:graph0.png|300px<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|frame|graph</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[file:graph0.png|300px]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the above:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In the above:</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Martins