Valency - Revision history

imported>Vzakharov at 18:23, 23 August 2012

2012-08-23T18:23:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:23, 23 August 2012
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	Some of the questions in Level 29 of CLEA450 are extremely difficult to get as this page has no concrete examples of Trivalency. I will try to add some (other than any featured in the quiz), but might be more reliable if someone with more experience wrote it.--[[User:John\|John]] 13:10, 6 December 2011 (UTC)		Some of the questions in Level 29 of CLEA450 are extremely difficult to get as this page has no concrete examples of Trivalency. I will try to add some (other than any featured in the quiz), but might be more reliable if someone with more experience wrote it.--[[User:John\|John]] 13:10, 6 December 2011 (UTC)

			== beautiful (adjective) = avalent (VAL0) ==

			Why? Doesn't "beautiful" require an object (which is beautiful)? [[User:Vzakharov\|Vzakharov]] 20:23, 23 August 2012 (CEST)

imported>John at 13:10, 6 December 2011

2011-12-06T13:10:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:10, 6 December 2011
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	~~'''Valency''' is a category that indicates~~ the ~~number~~ of ~~syntactic arguments required by any predicate.~~		Some of the questions in Level 29 of CLEA450 are extremely difficult to get as this page has no concrete examples of Trivalency. I will try to add some (other than any featured in the quiz), but might be more reliable if someone with more experience wrote it.--[[User:John\|John]] 13:10, 6 December 2011 (UTC)

	~~== Natural language ==~~
	~~In the UNLarium framework, valency may assume the following values:~~

	~~{{#tree:id=nl_valency\|openlevels=0\|root=Valency\|~~
	*avalent (VAL0): no ~~argument~~
	*monovalent (VAL1): one argument
	*divalent (VAL2): two arguments
	*trivalent (VAL3): three arguments
	*tetravalent (VAL4): four arguments
	}}

	~~;Verb valency and [[transitivity]]~~
	~~:Verb valency is related, though not identical, to verb transitivity. Valency includes all arguments (including the subject) whereas transitivity includes only objects.~~
	~~::rain = intransitive and monovalent (VAL1)~~
	~~::llover (es = rain) = intransitive and avalent (VAL0)~~
	~~::run = unergative (intransitive) and monovalent (VAL1)~~

	~~;Non-verbal valency~~
	~~:Nouns, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions also have valency, which is related to the number~~ of ~~(internal) arguments they require~~.
	~~::beauty (noun) = avalent (VAL0)~~
	~~::beautiful (adjective) = avalent (VAL0)~~
	~~::beautifully (adverb) = avalent (VAL0)~~
	~~::arrival = monovalent (VAL1) (arrival of someone)~~
	~~::loyal = monovalent (VAL1) (loyal to someone or~~ to ~~something)~~
	~~::differently = monovalent~~ (~~VAL1) (differently from something)~~
	::in ~~= monovalent (VAL1) (in someplace~~)

	~~;Elliptical objects~~
	~~:In the UNLarium framework~~, ~~objects are to~~ be ~~considered <span class="plainlinks">[http://bit~~.~~ly/np59PZ <span style="color:black;font~~-~~weight:normal;text~~-~~decoration:none!important;background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">stretch marks</span>]</span> elliptical (hidden) in verbal constructions if they can be inferred from the context.~~
	~~:I read the book = I read all the afternoon = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)~~
	:John ~~kissed Mary =~~ John ~~kisses well = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)~~
	~~:John bought a car = John buys (and Peter sells) = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)~~

	~~;Different valency values mean different senses~~
	~~:In the UNLarium framework, the same verb may have different valency values, but only when associated to different UWs:~~
	~~:John lives in Paris = monovalent (VAL1) (live = reside)~~
	~~:John lives a nightmare = divalent (VAL2) (live = experience)~~

	~~;Objects (essential) are not to be confounded with adjuncts (accidental)~~
	:~~John bought a car to Mary = divalent (VAL2) and not trivalent (VAL3)~~

	~~=== Example ===~~
	*avalent: house, ~~sad, now~~
	*avalent: llover (es), chover (pt) (~~= rain~~) ~~(null subject verbs in non-pro-drop languages)~~
	*monovalent: construction, interested, contrarily, run, fall, sleep;
	*divalent: buy, sell, go
	*trivalent: give

	~~== UNL ==~~
	~~In UNL, valency, as a syntactic category, is not to be represented.~~

imported>CMcfall34 at 12:29, 5 November 2011

2011-11-05T12:29:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:29, 5 November 2011
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	;Elliptical objects		;Elliptical objects
	:In the UNLarium framework, objects are to be considered elliptical (hidden) in verbal constructions if they can be inferred from the context.		:In the UNLarium framework, objects are to be considered <span class="plainlinks">[http://bit.ly/np59PZ <span style="color:black;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none!important;background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">stretch marks</span>]</span> elliptical (hidden) in verbal constructions if they can be inferred from the context.
	:I read the book = I read all the afternoon = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)		:I read the book = I read all the afternoon = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)
	:John kissed Mary = John kisses well = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)		:John kissed Mary = John kisses well = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)

imported>Admin at 09:43, 18 January 2010

2010-01-18T09:43:50Z

New page

'''Valency''' is a category that indicates the number of syntactic arguments required by any predicate.

== Natural language ==
In the UNLarium framework, valency may assume the following values:

{{#tree:id=nl_valency|openlevels=0|root=Valency|
*avalent (VAL0): no argument
*monovalent (VAL1): one argument
*divalent (VAL2): two arguments
*trivalent (VAL3): three arguments
*tetravalent (VAL4): four arguments
}}

;Verb valency and [[transitivity]]
:Verb valency is related, though not identical, to verb transitivity. Valency includes all arguments (including the subject) whereas transitivity includes only objects.
::rain = intransitive and monovalent (VAL1)
::llover (es = rain) = intransitive and avalent (VAL0)
::run = unergative (intransitive) and monovalent (VAL1)

;Non-verbal valency
:Nouns, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions also have valency, which is related to the number of (internal) arguments they require.
::beauty (noun) = avalent (VAL0)
::beautiful (adjective) = avalent (VAL0)
::beautifully (adverb) = avalent (VAL0)
::arrival = monovalent (VAL1) (arrival of someone)
::loyal = monovalent (VAL1) (loyal to someone or to something)
::differently = monovalent (VAL1) (differently from something)
::in = monovalent (VAL1) (in someplace)

;Elliptical objects
:In the UNLarium framework, objects are to be considered elliptical (hidden) in verbal constructions if they can be inferred from the context.
:I read the book = I read all the afternoon = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)
:John kissed Mary = John kisses well = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)
:John bought a car = John buys (and Peter sells) = divalent (VAL2) (no significant semantic change)

;Different valency values mean different senses
:In the UNLarium framework, the same verb may have different valency values, but only when associated to different UWs:
:John lives in Paris = monovalent (VAL1) (live = reside)
:John lives a nightmare = divalent (VAL2) (live = experience)

;Objects (essential) are not to be confounded with adjuncts (accidental)
:John bought a car to Mary = divalent (VAL2) and not trivalent (VAL3)

=== Example ===
*avalent: house, sad, now
*avalent: llover (es), chover (pt) (= rain) (null subject verbs in non-pro-drop languages)
*monovalent: construction, interested, contrarily, run, fall, sleep;
*divalent: buy, sell, go
*trivalent: give

== UNL ==
In UNL, valency, as a syntactic category, is not to be represented.