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| In the UNL framework, '''Subcategorization Frames''' are the number and types of syntactic arguments that co-occurs with the lemma in a sentence.
| | #REDIRECT [[Subcategorization frames]] |
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| == When to use subcategorization frames ==
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| Subcategorization frames are mandatory for words that take one or more syntactic argument, including:
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| * monovalent verbs ('sleep', 'rain')
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| * monovalent adverbs ('well', 'very')
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| * monovalent nouns ('arrival', 'construction')
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| * divalent verbs ('kill', 'kiss', 'depend')
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| * divalent adjectives ('loyal', 'interested')
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| * divalent prepositions and adverbs ('after', 'in', 'near', 'instead')
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| * trivalent verbs ('give', 'turn')
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| * trivalent prepositions ('between')
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| * etc.
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| == When not to use subcategorization frames ==
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| Subcategorization frames may not be used in case of words that take zero argument: | |
| * avalent nouns ('table', 'computer')
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| * avalent adverbs ('here', 'now')
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| == Arguments and adjuncts ==
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| In the UNL framework, the subcategorization frame should be as small as possible, and should include only core arguments, in opposition to adjuncts.
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| == Syntax of generation rules ==
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| Subcategorization frames should be presented as a list of syntactic roles separated by semicolons. Each syntactic role must have the following format:
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| <SYNTACTIC ROLE> ":=" "(" <SYNTACTIC FEATURES> ")" [, "(" <SYNTACTIC FEATURES> ")" ]* ";"
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| where
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| :<SYNTACTIC ROLE> = one of the three pre-defined syntactic roles (see below)
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| :<SYNTACTIC FEATURES> = the list of features required by the lemma
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| :[ ] = optional
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| :“ “ = constant
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| :<nowiki>*</nowiki> = to be repeated zero or more times
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| == Syntactic Roles ==
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| There are only three different types of syntactic roles:
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| {| border="1" align="center" cellpadding="5"
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| !Tag
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| !Syntactic Role
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| !Description
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| |-
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| |SPEC
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| |specifier (external argument)
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| |subject
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| |-
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| |COMP
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| |complement (internal argument)
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| |direct object, indirect object
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| |-
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| |ADJ
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| |adjunct
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| |-
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| |}
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| == Syntactic Features ==
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| The syntactic features must indicate:
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| * the selection for the syntactic category of the arguments (c-selection), if any
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| ** NP = Noun phrase
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| ** VP = Verbal phrase
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| ** JP = Adjective phrase
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| ** AP = Adverbial phrase
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| ** PP = Prepositional phrase
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| ** SP = Sentence
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| * the syntactic case marking, if any
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| ** NOM = Nominative
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| ** ACC = Accusative
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| ** DAT = Dative
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| ** ABL = Ablative
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| ** INS = Instrumental
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| ** LOC = Locative
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| * the agreement, if any
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| ** >NUM = Assigns number
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| ** <NUM = Receives number
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| ** >GEN = Assigns gender
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| ** <GEN = Receives gender
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| ** >PER = Assigns person
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| ** <PER = Receives person
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| * the government, if any
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| ** < = preposition
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| ** > = postposition
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| == Other symbols ==
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| [Square brackets] may be used to indicate optional elements: a[b]c = ac, abc
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| {braces} may be used to indicate alternative elements: a{b,c}d = abd, acd
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| == Examples ==
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| === Verbs ===
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| *INTRANSITIVE ("sleep")
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| **SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER);
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| *COPULA ("be")
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| **SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=({NP,JP},NOM,>NUM,>PER);
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| *DIRECT TRANSITIVE ("kill")
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| **SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=(NP,ACC);
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| *INDIRECT TRANSITIVE ("depend")
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| **SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=(PP,ACC,<"on");
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| *DITRANSITIVE ("give")
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| **SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=(NP,ACC); COMP:=(PP,DAT,<"to");
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| === Adjectives ===
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| *LOYAL (TO)
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| **COMP:=(PP,<"to");
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| *INTERESTED (IN)
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| **COMP:=(PP,<"in");
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| === Prepositions ===
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| *NEAR(TO)
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| **SPEC:=(NP); COMP:=(PP,<"to");
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| *IN
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| **SPEC:=({NP,VP}); COMP:=(NP);
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