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| In the UNL framework, '''Subcategorization Frames''' are the number and types of syntactic arguments that co-occurs with the lemma in a sentence.
| | #REDIRECT [[Subcategorization frames]] |
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| == When to use subcategorization frames ==
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| Subcategorization frames are mandatory for words that take one or more syntactic argument, such as:
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| * intransitive verbs ('sleep', 'rain')
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| * direct transitive verbs ('kill', 'kiss')
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| * indirect transitive verbs ('depend', 'rely')
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| * ditransitive verbs ('give')
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| * deverbals ('arrival', 'construction')
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| * adjectives that require a complement ('loyal to', 'interested in')
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| * adverbs that require a complement ('contrarily to')
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| * prepositions ('in', 'after', 'near', 'instead')
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| * conjunctions ('because', 'and', 'but')
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| * proper nouns that require an article ('The United States of America")
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| Subcategorization frames are optional for words that take no syntactic argument, such as:
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| * nouns ('table', 'computer')
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| * adjectives ('beautiful', 'intelligent')
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| * adverbs ('yesterday', 'here')
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| * determiners ('the', 'this')
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| * pronouns ('he', 'yours')
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| == Syntax ==
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| Subcategorization frames should comply with the '''[[S-Rule]]''' formalism for writing syntactic rules in the UNL framework.
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| == Templates ==
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="5" align="center"
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| !Category
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| !Valency
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| !Frame
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| !Example (English)
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| !Example (Frame)
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| |-
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| |Adjective
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| |0
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| |NO FRAME
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| |beaufitul
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| |-
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| |Adjective
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| |1
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| |'''JC(PP([X]));''' where X = preposition required by the adjective
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| |loyal to
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| |JC(PP([to]));
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| |-
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| |Adverb
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| |0
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| |NO FRAME
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| |now, here, very, well, normally
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| |-
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| |Adverb
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| |1
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| |'''AC(PP([X]));''' where X = preposition required by the adverb
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| |contrarily to
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| |AC(PP([to]));
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| |-
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| |Noun
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| |0
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| |NO FRAME
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| |table, computer
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| |-
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| |Noun
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| |1 (complement)
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| |'''NC(PP([X]));''' where X = preposition required by the noun
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| |construction of
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| |NC(PP([of]));
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| |-
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| |Noun
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| |1 (specifier)
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| |'''NS([X]);''' where X = determiner required by the noun
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| |United States of America
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| |NS([the]); where X = determiner required by the noun
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| |-
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| |Preposition
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| |1
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| |'''PC(XP);''' where XP is the complement of the preposition (NP, VP, etc).
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| |of
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| |PC(NP);
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| |-
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| |Verb
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| |0 (impersonal)
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| |NO FRAME
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| |llove (es), chove (pt)
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| |-
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| |Verb
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| |1 (intransitive)
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| |'''VS(NP);'''
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| |rain, sleep
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| |VS(NP);
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| |-
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| |Verb
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| |2 (direct transitive)
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| |'''VS(NP),VC(NP);'''
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| |kill, kiss
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| |VS(NP),VC(NP);
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| |-
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| |Verb
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| |2 (indirect transitive)
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| |'''VS(NP),VC(PP[X]);''' where X = preposition required by the verb
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| |depend on
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| |VS(NP),VC(PP[on]); where X = preposition required by the verb
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| |-
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| |Verb
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| |2 (copula)
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| |'''VS(NP),VC(NP);'''
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| |be, become
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| |VS(NP),VC(NP);
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| |-
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| |Verb
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| |3 (ditransitive)
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| |'''VS(NP),VC(NP),VC(PP[x]);''' where X = preposition required by the verb
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| |give
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| |VS(NP),VC(NP),VC(PP[to]);
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| |}
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| == Observations ==
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| '''Syntactic case marking''' can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
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| *VS(NP),VC(NP); (the verb has a specifier (NP) and a complement (NP), i.e., is a direct transitive verb (without syntactic case marking)
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| *VS(NP,NOM),VC(NP,ACC); (the verb as a specifier (NP) that receives the nominative (NOM) case and a complement (NP) that receives the accusative (ACC) case
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| Syntactic case marking should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)
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| *If the specifier of the verb always receives a nominative case, this information should be stated in the [[language settings]] and not in individual subcategorization frames
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| **Subcategorization frame: VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase)
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| **Language settings: VS(NP):=VS(NP,NOM); (every NP specifier of the verb receives the nominative (NOM) case)
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| '''Agreement''' information can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
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| *VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase and there is no information on agreement
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| *VS(NP,ANUM,APER); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase (NP) that assigns number (ANUM) and person (APER) to its head);
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| Agreement information should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)
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| *If the specifier of the verb always assigns number and person to its head, this information should be stated in the [[language settings]] and not in individual subcategorization frames
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| **Subcategorization frame: VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase)
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| **Language settings: VS(NP):=VS(NP,ANUM,APER); (every NP specifier of the verb assigns number and person to its head)
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| '''Word ordering''' information can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
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| *VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase and there is no information on the word ordering
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| *VS(<NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase (NP) that comes at the left of the head;
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| Word ordering information should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)
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| *If the specifier of the verb always comes at the left of its head, this information should be stated in the [[language settings]] and not in individual subcategorization frames
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| **Subcategorization frame: VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase)
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| **Language settings: VS(NP):=VS(<NP); (every NP specifier of the verb comes at the left of its head)
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