Case marking: Difference between revisions
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'''Case marking''' is the process of assigning [[case|grammatical case]] values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case. | '''Case marking''' is the process of assigning [[case|grammatical case]] values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case. In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, case marking is defined through [[S-rule]]s in the following format: | ||
<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(+<CASE>); | |||
Where:<br /> | |||
*<SYNTACTIC ROLE> is the [[Syntax#Syntactic_Role|syntactic role]] (VA, VC, VS, VH, etc) of the case-marked term in relation to the head; and | |||
*<CASE> is the [[case|grammatical case]] to be assigned. | |||
== Examples == | |||
;VS(NOM); | |||
:assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS) | |||
;VC(ACC); | |||
:assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) | |||
== Observations == | |||
;Conditional case-marking | |||
:Conditional case-marking may be stated by coindexing the left and the right side of a case-marking rule: | |||
*VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP; | |||
*VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make". | |||
Revision as of 17:12, 23 March 2010
Case marking is the process of assigning grammatical case values to dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads. Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form (nouns decline) to reflect their case. In the UNLarium framework, case marking is defined through S-rules in the following format:
<SYNTACTIC ROLE>(+<CASE>);
Where:
- <SYNTACTIC ROLE> is the syntactic role (VA, VC, VS, VH, etc) of the case-marked term in relation to the head; and
- <CASE> is the grammatical case to be assigned.
Examples
- VS(NOM);
- assigns the nominative case (NOM) to the specifier of the verb (VS)
- VC(ACC);
- assigns the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC)
Observations
- Conditional case-marking
- Conditional case-marking may be stated by coindexing the left and the right side of a case-marking rule:
- VC(PP):=VC(DAT); (assign the dative case (DAT) to the complement of the verb (VC) if it is a PP;
- VC([make];NP):=VC(ACC); (assign the accusative case (ACC) to the complement of the verb (VC) whose lemma is "make".
